Article
Analysis of CXCL9, PD1 and PD-L1 mRNA in Stage T1 Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and Their Association with Prognosis
29 Sept 2020
Abstract excerpt
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which is characterized by a recurrence rate of approximately 30% and very long treatment times, remains a major unresolved problem for patients and the health care system. The immunological interplay between tumor cells and the immune environment is important for tumor development. Therefore, we analyzed the mRNA of three immune markers, CXCL9, PD1 and PD-L1, in NMIBC...
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