Cell–cell and virus–cell fusion assay–based analyses of alanine insertion mutants in the distal α9 portion of the JRFL gp41 subunit from HIV-1

Abstract excerpt

Membrane fusion is the first essential step in HIV-1 replication. The gp41 subunit of HIV-1 envelope protein (Env), a class I fusion protein, achieves membrane fusion by forming a structure called a six-helix bundle composed of N- and C-terminal heptad repeats. We have recently shown that the distal portion of the α9 helix in the C-terminal heptad repeat of X4-tropic HXB2 Env plays a critical role in the...

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