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Article

The vigorous immune microenvironment of microsatellite instable colon cancer is balanced by multiple counter-inhibitory checkpoints.

Cancer discovery - 1 Jan 2015

Llosa Nicolas J, Cruise Michael, Tam Ada, Wicks Elizabeth C, Hechenbleikner Elizabeth M, Taube Janis M, Blosser Richard L, Fan Hongni, Wang Hao, Luber Brandon S, Zhang Ming, Papadopoulos Nickolas, Kinzler Kenneth W, Vogelstein Bert, Sears Cynthia L, Anders Robert A, Pardoll Drew M, Housseau Franck

Abstract excerpt

UNLABELLED: We examined the immune microenvironment of primary colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry, laser capture microdissection/qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and functional analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A subset of colorectal cancer displayed high infiltration with activated CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) as well as activated Th1 cells characterized by IFNγ production and the Th1...

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 25358689
DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-0863
PMCID: PMC4293246

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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