Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid levels or caspase-14 expression in the corneocytes of lesional skin correlates with clinical severity, skin barrier function and lesional inflammation in atopic dermatitis.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Dry skin in atopic dermatitis (AD) mainly results from barrier impairment due to deficiency of ceramide and natural moisturizing factors including pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA) in stratum corneum (SC). Caspase-14 cleaves filaggrin monomers to free amino acids and their derivatives such as PCA, contributing natural moisturizing factors. Cytokines in the corneocytes represent cutaneous inflammation...

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