Enhanced depth-independent chondrocyte proliferation and phenotype maintenance in an ultrasound bioreactor and an assessment of ultrasound dampening in the scaffold.

Abstract excerpt

Chondrocyte-seeded scaffolds were cultured in an ultrasound (US)-assisted bioreactor, which supplied the cells with acoustic energy around resonance frequencies (~5.0 MHz). Polyurethane-polycarbonate (BM), chitosan (CS) and chitosan-n-butanol (CSB) based scaffolds with varying porosities were chosen and the following US regimen was employed: 15 kPa and 60 kPa, 5 min per application and 6 applications per day for...

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