Loading publication...

Noodle always counts identifier-free feature events for service operation. With your permission, Google Analytics can also estimate audience and engagement. Search text, publication identifiers, cookies, IP addresses and browser fingerprints are never included in Noodle's first-party event counters.

Privacy details

Article

Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype.

Frontiers of medicine - 1 Dec 2013

Chen Xu, Xu Xiaomao, Xiao Fei

Abstract excerpt

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is mainly characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Given that multiple systems other than the lung can be impaired in COPD patients, the traditional FEV1/FVC ratio...

Topics

Genetic Markers
Genetic Testing
Genotype
Humans
Phenotype
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Prognosis
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Source

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Identifiers

PMID: 24234678
DOI: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 30 Aug 2026. Prepared record publication-24234678-2026-08-30.1. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-08-30.1.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 30 Aug 2026.

Community interpretation

Discuss the evidence

Ask a question, add context or challenge an interpretation. Community activity is separate from scientific evidence strength.

0

discussions

0

replies

Citations encouraged

Claims remain attributable.

No discussion yet

Be the first to add a careful, cited interpretation.

Related research

Semantic proximity does not establish scientific evidence.

Research trail→

Click a neighbor to travelStep 1 · 12 closest

Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype.PMID 24234678Read ↗

"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and phenotypes: a state-of-the-art."Semantic proximity Read ↗

Phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma: recent advances.Semantic proximity Read ↗

[Phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].Semantic proximity Read ↗

[Clinical phenotypes of COPD].Semantic proximity Read ↗

[Phenotypic heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].Semantic proximity Read ↗

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease phenotypes, biomarkers, and prognostic indicators.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subpopulations and phenotyping.Semantic proximity Read ↗

COPD Phenotyping.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Phenotypes and disease characterization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Toward the extinction of phenotypes?Semantic proximity Read ↗

[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotypes].Semantic proximity Read ↗

COPD: definition and phenotypes.Semantic proximity Read ↗

⌁Select a neighboring publication to make it the new centre.