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Article

Evolutionary layering and the limits to cellular perfection.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 13 Nov 2012

Lynch Michael

Abstract excerpt

Although observations from biochemistry and cell biology seemingly illustrate hundreds of examples of exquisite molecular adaptations, the fact that experimental manipulation can often result in improvements in cellular infrastructure raises the question as to what ultimately limits the level of...

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Identifiers

PMID: 23115338
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1216130109
PMCID: PMC3503168

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 4 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-23115338-2026-09-04.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-04.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 4 Sept 2026.

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