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Article

A comparative overview of immunoglobulin genes and the generation of their diversity in tetrapods.

Developmental and comparative immunology - 1 Jan 2000

Sun Yi, Wei Zhiguo, Li Ning, Zhao Yaofeng

Abstract excerpt

In the past several decades, immunoglobulin (Ig) genes have been extensively characterized in many tetrapod species. This review focuses on the expressed Ig isotypes and the diversity of Ig genes in mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. With regard to heavy chains, five Ig isotypes - IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA, and IgE - have been reported in mammals. Among these isotypes, IgM, IgD, and IgA (or its analog, IgX) are...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Identifiers

PMID: 22366185
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.02.008

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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