Article
Epidemiological survey of 214 families with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex.
The Journal of urology - 1 Apr 2008
Gambhir L, Höller T, Müller M, Schott G, Vogt H, Detlefsen B, Ebert A-K, Fisch M, Beaudoin S, Stein R, Boyadjiev S A, Gearhart J P, Rösch W, Utsch B, Boemers T M, Reutter H, Ludwig M
Abstract excerpt
PURPOSE: We sought to identify causative nongenetic and genetic risk factors for the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 237 families with the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex were invited to participate in the study, and information was obtained from 214 families, mainly from European countries. RESULTS: Two families showed familial occurrence. Male predominance was found...
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