Article
Phenotype severity in the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex: analysis of genetic and nongenetic contributing factors in 441 families from North America and Europe.
The Journal of pediatrics - 1 Nov 2011
Reutter Heiko, Boyadjiev Simeon A, Gambhir Lisa, Ebert Anne-Karoline, Rösch Wolfgang H, Stein Raimund, Schröder Annette, Boemers Thomas M, Bartels Enrika, Vogt Hannes, Utsch Boris, Müller Martin, Detlefsen Birte, Zwink Nadine, Rogenhofer Sebastian, Gobet Rita, Beckers Goedele M A, Bökenkamp Arend, Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad, Jaureguizar Enrique, Draaken Markus, Lakshmanan Yegappan, Gearhart John P, Ludwig Michael, Nöthen Markus M, Jenetzky Ekkehart
Abstract excerpt
OBJECTIVE: To identify genetic and nongenetic risk factors that contribute to the severity of the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC). STUDY DESIGN: Patients with BEEC from North America (n = 167) and Europe (n = 274) were included. The following data were collected: associated anomalies, parental age at conception, mode of conception, periconceptional folic acid supplementation, maternal risk factors...
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