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Article

Altered axial skeletal development

1 Dec 2007

Abstract excerpt

The axial skeleton is routinely examined in standard developmental toxicity bioassays and has proven to be sensitive to a wide variety of chemical agents. Dysmorphogenesis in the skull, vertebral column and ribs has been described in both human populations and in laboratory animals used to assess potential adverse developmental effects. This article emphasizes vertebrae and rib anomalies both spontaneous and...

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PMID: 18157900
DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20134

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