Article
Tests of parallel molecular evolution in a long-term experiment with Escherichia coli.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 13 Jun 2006
Woods Robert, Schneider Dominique, Winkworth Cynthia L, Riley Margaret A, Lenski Richard E
Abstract excerpt
The repeatability of evolutionary change is difficult to quantify because only a single outcome can usually be observed for any precise set of circumstances. In this study, however, we have quantified the frequency of parallel and divergent genetic changes in 12 initially identical populations of Escherichia coli that evolved in identical environments for 20,000 cell generations. Unlike previous analyses in which...
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