Implications of genetics on the diagnosis and care of patients with Parkinson disease.

Abstract excerpt

The identification of several monogenic forms has established Parkinson disease (PD) as a movement disorder with a considerable genetic origin in at least a subset of patients. Four of the known forms, Parkin-, PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1)-, DJ1-, and LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2)-linked PD, may present clinically as "idiopathic PD" and account for at least 1% of all cases of PD. However, all...

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