BRAF Mediates RET/PTC-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in Thyroid Cells: Functional Support for Requirement of the RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Carcinogenesis

Abstract excerpt

In human papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs), mutations of RET/PTC, NTRK, RAS, or BRAF are found in about two thirds of cases with practically no overlap, providing genetic evidence that constitutive signaling along RET-RAS-BRAF-MAPK is key to their development. The requirement for BRAF in RET/PTC-mediated MAPK activation and gene expression has not been tested functionally. There are three RAF isoforms: ARAF, BRAF,...

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