Article
The IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway prevents expression of muscle atrophy-induced ubiquitin ligases by inhibiting FOXO transcription factors.
Molecular cell - 7 May 2004
Stitt Trevor N, Drujan Doreen, Clarke Brian A, Panaro Frank, Timofeyva Yekatarina, Kline William O, Gonzalez Michael, Yancopoulos George D, Glass David J
Abstract excerpt
Skeletal muscle size depends upon a dynamic balance between anabolic (or hypertrophic) and catabolic (or atrophic) processes. Previously, no link between the molecular mediators of atrophy and hypertrophy had been reported. We demonstrate a hierarchy between the signals which mediate hypertrophy and those which mediate atrophy: the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway, which has been shown to induce hypertrophy, prevents...
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