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Article

Endocrine abnormalities in boys with hypospadias.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology - 1 Jan 2004

Silver Richard I

Abstract excerpt

The multifactorial etiology of hypospadias is becoming more clearly defined with ongoing investigation. Endogenous endocrine abnormalities identified so far include testosterone biosynthesis defects, 5alpha-reductase type 2 mutations, and androgen receptor mutations (the rarest cause, even in cases of severe hypospadias). Other significant risk factors include IVF (because of progesterone administration or...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Identifiers

PMID: 15086020
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8995-6_4

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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