Mutant p53 exerts a dominant negative effect by preventing wild-type p53 from binding to the promoter of its target genes.

Abstract excerpt

Mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most common genetic alteration in human cancer. A majority of these mutations are missense mutations in the DNA-binding domain. As a result, the mutated p53 gene encodes a full-length protein incapable of transactivating its target genes. In addition to this loss of function, mutant p53 can have a dominant negative effect over wild-type p53 and/or gain of function...

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