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Article

Tracing the recent evolution of Group A Streptococcus M1 serotype.

Emerging microbes & infections - 1 Dec 2026

Bertolla Olivia M, Walker Mark J, Brouwer Stephan

Abstract excerpt

The twenty-first century has seen global surges in scarlet fever and invasive Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections, partly driven by the emergence of the toxigenic M1UK lineage. Characterized by increased SpeA superantigen expression and the stepwise accumulation of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), M1UK has become the dominant GAS emm1 lineage in Europe, Australia and Canada, representing a notable...

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Antigens, Bacterial
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Carrier Proteins
Genome, Bacterial
Molecular Epidemiology

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Streptococcal Infections

Streptococcus pyogenes

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Identifiers

PMID: 41589661
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2623691
PMCID: PMC12885024

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 1 Sept 2026.

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