CTLA4, PTNP22, and FOXO3A gene variants as genetic biomarkers for co-occurrence of type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid diseases in the Polish population.

Abstract excerpt

INTRODUCTION: Genetic predisposition is a common determinant of autoimmune endocrinopathies, particularly type 1 diabetes (T1D) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Although their coexistence is frequent, the underlying genetic background is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify genetic polymorphisms predictive of an increased risk for co‑occurring T1D and AITD, and to assess their potential...

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• CTLA-4 Antigen
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
• Forkhead Box Protein O3
• Genetic Markers
• Poland