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Article

Chromosomal and hormonal factors involved in human sexual dimorphism.

Endocrine journal - 2 Feb 2026

Fukami Maki, Okamura Kohji, Sasaki Shoko, Kagami Masayo, Dateki Sumito

Abstract excerpt

Males and females show significant differences in body structure, typical behavior, average life expectancy, and disease susceptibility. This review article introduces the current understanding and recent findings on the factors that lead to sexual dimorphism. First, recent studies have shown that sex chromosomes underlie male- and female-specific phenotypes through various mechanisms. For example, X chromosome...

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Topics

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Share to Chromosomes, Human, X
Share to Epigenesis, Genetic
Share to Gonadal Steroid Hormones

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Share to Phenotype

Share to Sex Characteristics

Share to Sex Chromosomes

Share to Short Stature Homeobox Protein

Share to X Chromosome Inactivation

Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 41260688
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ25-0379
PMCID: PMC12895122

Genes

SHOX

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 2 Sept 2026.

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