Non-canonical activation of MAPK signaling by the lncRNA ASH1L-AS1-encoded microprotein APPLE through inhibition of PP1/PP2A-mediated ERK1/2 dephosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling is often activated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet classical RAS-RAF-MEK mutations are rare, indicating the involvement of non-canonical regulatory mechanisms. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can encode microproteins that play key roles in cancer. LncRNA ASH1L-AS1 has coding potential, but its role in HCC remains unclear. Clarifying its role in MAPK signaling may uncover...

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