Identification of the pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis (PANoptosis) involved in osteogenic differentiation inhibition impaired by tumor necrosis factor-α

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory diseases of the bones often result in excessive release of inflammatory cytokines and impaired osteogenic differentiation. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important inflammatory cytokine in disease, and implicated in developing PANoptosis. Although TNF-α has captured much attention in PANoptosis, their relationship in osteogenic differentiation remains elusive. Therefore, it is...

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