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Poly-Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Uncommon Subset of Difficult to Treat Disease With Distinct Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Phenotypes.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) - 1 Apr 2024

David Paula, Di Matteo Andrea, Hen Or, Dass Shouvik, Marzo-Ortega Helena, Wakefield Richard J, Bissell Leslie-Anne, Nam Jacqueline, Mankia Kulveer, Emery Paul, Saleem Benazir, McGonagle Dennis

Abstract excerpt

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of poly-refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA) defined as failure of all biological (b)/targeted synthetic (ts)-disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs). To further investigate whether patients with persistent inflammatory refractory RA (PIRRA) and noninflammatory refractory RA (NIRRA), determined by objective ultrasound (US) synovitis, have distinct clinical phenotypes in both...

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PMID: 38059326
DOI: 10.1002/art.42767

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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