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Article

Biomarkers of immunotherapy in urothelial and renal cell carcinoma: PD-L1, tumor mutational burden, and beyond.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer - 25 Jan 2018

Zhu Jason, Armstrong Andrew J, Friedlander Terence W, Kim Won, Pal Sumanta K, George Daniel J, Zhang Tian

Abstract excerpt

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1 pathway have greatly changed clinical management of metastatic urothelial carcinoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. However, response rates are low, and biomarkers are needed to predict for treatment response. Immunohistochemical quantification of PD-L1 was developed as a promising biomarker in early clinical trials, but many shortcomings of the four different...

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Identifiers

PMID: 29368638
DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0314-1
PMCID: PMC5784676

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 6 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-06.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 6 Sept 2026.

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