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Article

Ancient climate change, antifreeze, and the evolutionary diversification of Antarctic fishes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 28 Feb 2012

Near Thomas J, Dornburg Alex, Kuhn Kristen L, Eastman Joseph T, Pennington Jillian N, Patarnello Tomaso, Zane Lorenzo, Fernández Daniel A, Jones Christopher D

Abstract excerpt

The Southern Ocean around Antarctica is among the most rapidly warming regions on Earth, but has experienced episodic climate change during the past 40 million years. It remains unclear how ancient periods of climate change have shaped Antarctic biodiversity. The origin of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) in Antarctic notothenioid fishes has become a classic example of how the evolution of a key innovation in...

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PMID: 22331888
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1115169109
PMCID: PMC3295276

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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