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Article

IL-4 and TNF-α polymorphisms are associated with risk of multiple superficial tumors or carcinoma in situ development.

Urologia internationalis - 1 Jan 2011

Lima Luís, Silva Joana, Amaro Teresina, Morais António, Lopes Carlos, Medeiros Rui, Videira Paula A, Santos Lúcio

Abstract excerpt

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluates the influence of clinicopathological characteristics, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapeutic schedule [maintenance (mBCG) or induction (iBCG)], and TNF-α and IL-4 polymorphisms on the outcome of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients treated with BCG. MATERIAL AND METHODS: DNA was extracted from 125 bladder cancer patients treated with BCG; TNF-308G/A and IL4-590C/T...

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Identifiers

PMID: 22104567
DOI: 10.1159/000331882

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TNF

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 6 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-06.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 6 Sept 2026.

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