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Article

Frame-shifts of digit identity in bird evolution and Cyclopamine-treated wings.

Evolution & development - 1 Jan 2000

Vargas Alexander O, Wagner Günter P

Abstract excerpt

A highly conserved spatio-temporal pattern of cartilage formation reveals that the digits of the bird wing develop from positions that become digits 2, 3, and 4 in other amniotes. However, the morphology of the digits of early birds like Archaeopteryx corresponds to that of digits 1, 2, and 3 of other archosaurs. A hypothesis is that a homeotic "frame-shift" occurred, such that in the bird wing, digits 1, 2, and...

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PMID: 19245548
DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2009.00317.x

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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