Molecular Alterations in Spontaneous Sputum of Cancer-Free Heavy Smokers: Results from a Large Screening Program

Abstract excerpt

PURPOSE: The high mortality rate for lung cancer is likely to be reduced by the development of a panel of sensitive biological markers able to identify early-stage lung cancers or subjects at high risk. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of K-ras and p53 mutations and p16(INK4A), RASSF1A, and NORE1A hypermethylation in sputum of a large cohort of cancer-free heavy smokers and to assess whether...

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