HIV tropism: diagnostic tools and implications for disease progression and treatment with entry inhibitors

Abstract excerpt

Introduction CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major chemokine co-receptors used by HIV to enter into human cells [1–3]. Based on this co-receptor usage, a new HIV classification was established in 1998, i.e., CCR5-tropic (R5), CXCR4-tropic (X4), or dual tropic (R5/X4) HIV-1 strains [4]. Ten years earlier, Tersmette et al. identified a relationship between viral phenotype (i.e., non-syncytium-inducing, NSI or...