Formation of helical hairpins during membrane protein integration into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Role of the N and C-terminal flanking regions.

Abstract excerpt

The helical hairpin, two closely spaced transmembrane helices separated by a short turn, is a common structural element in integral membrane proteins. Previous studies on the sequence determinants of helical hairpin formation have focussed on the role of polar and charged residues placed centrally in a long stretch of hydrophobic residues, and have yielded a "propensity scale" for the relative efficiency with...

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