Extracellular signaling through the microenvironment: a hypothesis relating carcinogenesis, bystander effects, and genomic instability.

Abstract excerpt

Cell growth, differentiation and death are directed in large part by extracellular signaling through the interactions of cells with other cells and with the extracellular matrix; these interactions are in turn modulated by cytokines and growth factors, i.e. the microenvironment. Here we discuss the idea that extracellular signaling integrates multicellular damage responses that are important deterrents to the...

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