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Article

Limited genetic susceptibility to severe Graves' ophthalmopathy: no role for CTLA-4 but evidence for an environmental etiology.

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association - 1 Sept 2000

Villanueva R, Inzerillo A M, Tomer Y, Barbesino G, Meltzer M, Concepcion E S, Greenberg D A, MacLaren N, Sun Z S, Zhang D M, Tucci S, Davies T F

Abstract excerpt

Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) characterized by hyperthyroidism and by the occurrence of a distinctive ophthalmopathy (orbitopathy), which presents with varying degrees of severity. Graves' disease clusters in families but the importance of heredity in the pathogenes...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

Identifiers

PMID: 11041456
DOI: 10.1089/thy.2000.10.791

Genes

TNF
TSHR

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 2 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-11041456-2026-09-02.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-02.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 2 Sept 2026.

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Limited genetic susceptibility to severe Graves' ophthalmopathy: no role for CTLA-4 but evidence for an environmental etiology.PMID 11041456Read ↗

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