The direction of microsatellite mutations is dependent upon allele length.

Abstract excerpt

Microsatellites, comprising tandemly repeated short nucleotide sequences, are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes. Mutations within microsatellites are frequent, altering their overall length by insertion or deletion of a small number of repeat units, with a rate as high as 10(-3) in humans. Despite their high mutability, stable allele frequency distributions are typically observed for microsatellites in humans as...

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