Color tuning mechanism of human red and green visual pigments.

Abstract excerpt

We investigated the molecular mechanism of a rather large red shift of 31 nm in a human red pigment compared with a human green pigment. In this analysis, we paid special attention to the phenomenon of nonadditivity of spectral shifts due to substitution of the key amino acids (OH-bearing amino acids) and the phenomenon of cooperativity by which the spectral shifts due to substitution of the key amino acids in...

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