Oral Skills Pay, Literacy Lags: Differential Wage Returns to Host-Country Language Competencies Among Bangladeshi Migrant Workers in Malaysia

Abstract excerpt

<title>Abstract</title> <p> Language proficiency is rarely disaggregated in migration economics, yet listening, speaking, reading, and writing competencies may generate unequal wage returns depending on occupational context. This study examines whether these four Malay language skills yield differential wage premiums among low-skilled Bangladeshi migrant workers in Malaysia, and whether returns vary across the w...

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• Child
• Early Childhood Education and Development
• Educational Status
• Gene-Environment Interaction
• Genotype
• Individuality
• Phenotype
• Socioeconomic Factors

Identifiers and source

Literature Corpus work

16e52dfe-4308-528a-a1ca-3b24300998bf

DOI

10.21203/rs.3.rs-9971305/v1