The psychopharmacological basis of nicotine's differential effects on behavior: individual subject variability in the rat.

Abstract excerpt

Nicotine, the presumed active pharmacological agent in tobacco, produces variable effects on behavior that are at best described as "paradoxical" in nature. Thus, nicotine, via tobacco use in humans or nicotine administration in experimental animals, tends to transpose behavior depending on predrug baseline rates of behavior. High rates of behavior appear to be reduced, while low rates of behavior appear to be...

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