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Article

The functional importance of mitochondrial sequences with dual functions: overlapping protein-protein and protein-RNA gene sequences as test cases.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences - 2 Apr 2026

Shtolz Noam, Horovitz Li, Caruchero Yuval, Mishmar Dan

Abstract excerpt

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contains 13 protein-coding subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, 22 tRNA and two rRNA genes. However, accumulating evidence suggests that mtDNA encodes additional overlapping genetic elements, including mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) and alternative reading frames. Here, we assessed signatures of selection across 66 328 human mtDNAs and studied the potential...

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Identifiers

PMID: 41923600
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2025.0074

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 6 Sept 2026.

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