Article
Evolutionary Overview and Future Perspectives: ESR1 Mutations, Liquid Biopsy, and Artificial Intelligence for a New Era of Personalized Medicine in ER+ Breast Cancer.
Molecular diagnosis & therapy - 1 Nov 2025
Martella Serafina, Cusumano Giacomo, Senevirathne Thilini Hemali, Stylianakis Dimitrios, Palmas Enrico, Denaro Nerina, Tommasi Chiara, Scartozzi Mario, Gerratana Lorenzo, Solinas Cinzia
Abstract excerpt
ESR1 gene mutations represent one of the main mechanisms of acquired resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. The introduction of liquid biopsy as a minimally invasive technique for analyzing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has opened new avenues for real-time mutation monitoring and personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the clinical relevance of ESR1...
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