Converging Transmission Routes of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Uruguay: Phylogeographic Insights into Its Spread Across South America

Abstract excerpt

The highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 2.3.4.4b clade virus has caused widespread outbreaks across South America, primarily affecting seabirds, poultry, and marine mammals. The virus likely reached the continent through migratory birds from North America, initially spreading along the Pacific coast before advancing into Atlantic-bordering countries such as Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil. This study...

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