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Article

Apoptotic vesicles of mesenchymal stem cells promote M2 polarization and alleviate early-onset preeclampsia via miR-191-5p

30 Jul 2025

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Macrophages play a crucial role in the development of early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE), which may be closely associated with an imbalance in macrophage M1/M2 polarization. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) have anti-inflammatory, tissue repair, and immunomodulatory functions. MSC-apoVs may ameliorate EOPE by regulating macrophage polarization, but the underlying mechanisms...

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PMID: 40739581
DOI: 10.1186/s13287-025-04546-5

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