Article
Splenic macrophage functional profile and its role in the immunopathogenesis of canine visceral leishmaniasis
20 Jun 2025
Abstract excerpt
Introduction Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) represents a major public health challenge, with the spleen frequently identified as one of the primary target organs. Dogs recognized as urban reservoir hosts, commonly harbor chronic infections characterized by elevated parasite burdens across multiple tissues. This study aims to analyze functional markers of M1 and M2 responses, as well as PD-L1+ macrophages in the...
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