Divergence of gut bacteria through the selection of genomic variants implicated in the metabolism of sugars, amino acids, and purines by small extracellular vesicles in milk.

Abstract excerpt

Here, we report that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in milk mediate the communication between bacteria and animal kingdoms, increase the divergence of bacteria in the intestine, and alter metabolite production by bacteria. We show that bovine milk sEVs select approximately 55,000 genomic variants in 19 species of bacteria from the murine cecum ex vivo. The genomic variants are transcribed into mRNA. The...

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