Association between cholelithiasis, cholecystectomy, and risk of breast and gynecological cancers: Evidence from meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown that cholelithiasis and cholecystectomy are associated with the risk of breast cancer (BC) and gynecological cancers, but whether these relationships are causal has not been established and remains controversial. METHODS: Our study began with a meta-analysis that synthesized data from prior observational studies to examine the association between cholelithiasis,...

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