Article
Smoking, alcohol consumption, and 24 gastrointestinal diseases: Mendelian randomization analysis.
eLife - 2 Feb 2023
Yuan Shuai, Chen Jie, Ruan Xixian, Sun Yuhao, Zhang Ke, Wang Xiaoyan, Li Xue, Gill Dipender, Burgess Stephen, Giovannucci Edward, Larsson Susanna C
Abstract excerpt
Background: Whether the positive associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with gastrointestinal diseases are causal is uncertain. We conducted this Mendelian randomization (MR) to comprehensively examine associations of smoking and alcohol consumption with common gastrointestinal diseases. Methods: Genetic variants associated with smoking initiation and alcohol consumption at the genome-wide significance...
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