Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Inflammation Shows Morphologic Similarities to, but Is Immunologically Distinct From, Helicobacter pylori Gastritis and Celiac Disease.

Abstract excerpt

CONTEXT.—: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapies are associated with multi-organ immune-related adverse events. Although colonic mucosal changes have been described, inflammatory changes incited by CPIs in the upper gastrointestinal tract have not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE.—: To investigate morphologic and immunologic changes incited by CPI therapy in the upper gastrointestinal tract. DESIGN.—: We...

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