Sex differences in immune responses that underlie COVID-19 disease outcomes.

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2700-3

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Article

Sex differences in immune responses that underlie COVID-19 disease outcomes.

Nature - 1 Dec 2020

Takahashi Takehiro, Ellingson Mallory K, Wong Patrick, Israelow Benjamin, Lucas Carolina, Klein Jon, Silva Julio, Mao Tianyang, Oh Ji Eun, Tokuyama Maria, Lu Peiwen, Venkataraman Arvind, Park Annsea, Liu Feimei, Meir Amit, Sun Jonathan, Wang Eric Y, Casanovas-Massana Arnau, Wyllie Anne L, Vogels Chantal B F, Earnest Rebecca, Lapidus Sarah, Ott Isabel M, Moore Adam J, Shaw Albert, Fournier John B, Odio Camila D, Farhadian Shelli, Dela Cruz Charles, Grubaugh Nathan D, Schulz Wade L, Ring Aaron M, Ko Albert I, Omer Saad B, Iwasaki Akiko

Abstract excerpt

There is increasing evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) produces more severe symptoms and higher mortality among men than among women1-5. However, whether immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) differ between sexes, and whether such differences correlate with the sex difference in the disease course of COVID-19, is currently unknown. Here we examined sex...

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Identifiers

PMID: 32846427
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2700-3
PMCID: PMC7725931

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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