Article
Metabolic phenotyping of urine for discriminating alcohol-dependent from social drinkers and alcohol-naive subjects.
Drug and alcohol dependence - 1 Dec 2016
Mostafa Hamza, Amin Arwa M, Teh Chin-Hoe, Murugaiyah Vikneswaran, Arif Nor Hayati, Ibrahim Baharudin
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Alcohol-dependence (AD) is a ravaging public health and social problem. AD diagnosis depends on questionnaires and some biomarkers, which lack specificity and sensitivity, however, often leading to less precise diagnosis, as well as delaying treatment. This represents a great burden, not only on AD individuals but also on their families. Metabolomics using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)...
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