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Article

Diversity in the Toll-Like Receptor Genes of the African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus).

PloS one - 1 Jan 2016

Dalton Desiré Lee, Vermaak Elaine, Roelofse Marli, Kotze Antoinette

Abstract excerpt

The African penguin, Spheniscus demersus, is listed as Endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due to the drastic reduction in population numbers over the last 20 years. To date, the only studies on immunogenetic variation in penguins have been conducted on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. It was shown in humans that up to half of the genetic variability in immune responses to...

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Genetic Loci
Genetic Variation
Immunity, Innate
Phylogeny
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Toll-Like Receptors

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PMID: 27760133
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163331
PMCID: PMC5070850

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