Article
Evolutionary modularity and morphological integration in the haptoral anchor structures of Ligophorus spp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae).
Parasitology research - 1 Sept 2016
Rodríguez-González A, Míguez-Lozano R, Sarabeev V, Balbuena J A
Abstract excerpt
An important question in the study of phenotypic evolution is whether characters are independent of each other or behave and evolve as integrated modules. Morphological integration and modularity provide a powerful framework for the analysis of the evolution of morphological traits. We used geometric morphometrics and phylogenetically independent contrasts (PIC) to test four different modularity hypotheses in the...
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