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Article

Low HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in Bulgaria against a background of high clade diversity.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy - 1 Jan 2015

Alexiev Ivailo, Shankar Anupama, Wensing A M J, Beshkov Danail, Elenkov Ivaylo, Stoycheva Mariyana, Nikolova Daniela, Nikolova Maria, Switzer William M

Abstract excerpt

OBJECTIVES: To determine transmitted drug resistance (TDR) and HIV-1 genetic diversity in Bulgaria. METHODS: The prevalence of TDR and HIV-1 subtypes was determined in 305/1446 (21.1%) persons newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS from 1988 to 2011. TDR mutations (TDRMs) in protease and reverse transcriptase were defined using the WHO HIV drug mutation list. Phylogenetic analysis was used to infer polymerase (pol)...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 25652746
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv011
PMCID: PMC11292601

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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